If you're thinking about buying a home, your credit score matters more than you might think — but it doesn't have to be perfect. Many buyers are surprised to learn they may already qualify for a mortgage, even if their score isn't in the 700s.

Here's what you should know before starting the home buying process.

What Is a Credit Score?

A credit score is a number that helps lenders understand how responsibly you manage debt and payments. Scores typically range from 300 to 850. Here's a general breakdown of what those numbers mean:

740+
Excellent
700 – 739
Good
620 – 699
Fair
Below 620
More challenging for conventional loans

Lenders use this score to help determine how risky it may be to lend money for a mortgage — but it's just one piece of the picture.

Why Your Credit Score Matters When Buying a Home

Your credit score directly affects the type of mortgage you may qualify for and the interest rate attached to it. Even a slightly lower interest rate can make a significant difference in your monthly payment over the life of the loan. A stronger score may also help you qualify for better loan programs, put less money down, and save thousands overall.

What Score Do You Need to Buy a House?

The answer depends on the loan type. And remember — lenders also look at your income, debt-to-income ratio, employment history, savings, and payment history. Your credit score is important, but it's not the only factor.

Loan Type Typical Minimum Score
Conventional Loan 620+
FHA Loan 580+
VA Loan Varies
USDA Loan 640+

What Impacts Your Credit Score?

Several factors affect your score. Understanding them is the first step toward improving your buying power:

Payment History
Paying bills on time consistently is one of the biggest factors in your score.
Credit Utilization
Using too much of your available credit can hurt your score. Keeping balances lower is usually better.
Length of Credit History
Older credit accounts can help strengthen your score over time.
Hard Inquiries
Applying for multiple loans or credit cards in a short period may temporarily lower your score.
Types of Credit
Having a mix of credit types — such as a car loan, credit card, and student loan — can sometimes help your overall profile.

Tips to Improve Your Credit Before Buying

If you're planning to buy a home in the next 6 to 12 months, here are a few simple ways to strengthen your credit:

  • Pay bills on time
  • Avoid opening unnecessary credit cards
  • Pay down existing debt
  • Keep old accounts open when possible
  • Check your credit report for errors
  • Avoid large purchases before closing

Small improvements can sometimes make a big difference in your mortgage options.

Should You Wait Until Your Credit Improves?

Not always. Many buyers wait years thinking they need a "perfect" score before talking to a lender. In reality, many buyers already qualify for programs they didn't even know existed.

Talking with a lender early can help you understand where you stand, create a game plan, learn what monthly payment fits your budget, and identify steps to improve your buying power — even if you're not ready to buy today.

Our Trusted Lending Partners

If you're buying in South Central Wisconsin, our team can connect you with trusted lenders who can help you understand your buying power and next steps:

Ready to Explore Your Options?

Whether you're ready to buy now or just starting to think about it, our team is here to help you understand your credit, connect with the right lender, and take the next step toward homeownership.